Comprender la esperanza de vida saludable
Los estadísticos y demógrafos calculan la esperanza de vida saludable ajustando la esperanza de vida total en función de la cantidad de tiempo dedicado a la mala salud. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) utiliza esta medida para países de todo el mundo..
Cómo se calcula la esperanza de vida saludable?
Esto es un poco complicado y utiliza muchas fuentes de datos diferentes para cada país. En pocas palabras, la Organización Mundial de la Salud toma los datos de un país, como las tasas de mortalidad y la información sobre el estado de salud, y los analiza para ver cosas como cuánto tiempo se espera que las personas vivan con aproximadamente 135 condiciones de salud..El cálculo analiza la tasa de mortalidad por diferentes condiciones de salud y la ajusta según la duración o la gravedad de las enfermedades. Como cada país no tiene los mismos datos disponibles, la OMS sustituye y ajusta según sea necesario.
¿Por qué usar HALES??
HALES trata de medir la efectividad de un país para reducir la carga de la enfermedad. A veces, una enfermedad se puede acortar o reducir el sufrimiento, pero la tasa de mortalidad de esa enfermedad no cambia. En ese caso, sin embargo, la esperanza de vida saludable sería más larga, lo que sería un beneficio.Recuerde que la OMS y varias entidades gubernamentales están utilizando este método para calcular la esperanza de vida saludable para todos en una población en particular. Puede proporcionarle algunos consejos sobre cuánto tiempo tú vivirá, pero no le dará respuestas definitivas, aún no han desarrollado una herramienta para hacerlo con precisión.
HALES
Las cifras a continuación son HALES para diferentes países a partir de 2015. Las cifras representan una estimación de la cantidad de años que un recién nacido vivirá en plena salud en cada uno de los países. Junto a eso está el HALES de aquellos que ahora tienen 60 años y han evitado enfermedades y lesiones..País | Masculino HALES al nacer | Masculino HALES a los 60 años | Hembra HALES al nacer | Hembra HALES a los 60 años |
Afganistán | 51.4 | 70.8 | 53.3 | 71.9 |
Albania | 66.8 | 75.4 | 71.0 | 78.5 |
Argelia | 65.4 | 76.5 | 67.2 | 77.0 |
Angola | 44.8 | 71.2 | 47.0 | 72.1 |
Antigua y Barbuda | 66.0 | 75.5 | 68.4 | 77.5 |
Argentina | 65.0 | 74.8 | 70.2 | 78.5 |
Armenia | 64.6 | 74.2 | 68.9 | 76.9 |
Australia | 70.8 | 78.6 | 72.9 | 80.5 |
Austria | 70.4 | 77.7 | 73.5 | 80.4 |
Azerbaiyán | 62.8 | 73.4 | 66.7 | 76.0 |
Bahamas | 64.8 | 75.9 | 68.4 | 78.0 |
Bahrein | 66.9 | 74.8 | 67.0 | 75.0 |
Bangladesh | 61.9 | 73.8 | 62.9 | 74.3 |
Barbados | 65.5 | 74.3 | 68.0 | 76.6 |
Bielorrusia | 60.7 | 72.5 | 69.6 | 77.7 |
Bélgica | 69.4 | 77.2 | 72.8 | 79.9 |
Belice | 60.8 | 72.5 | 63.8 | 73.9 |
Benin | 52.3 | 71.4 | 52.8 | 72.1 |
Bután | 61.4 | 75.3 | 61.0 | 75.0 |
Bolivia | 61.1 | 76.1 | 64.0 | 77.4 |
Bosnia y Herzegovina | 66.7 | 74.7 | 70.6 | 77.3 |
Botsuana | 55.4 | 72.1 | 58.5 | 73.4 |
Brasil | 63.1 | 75.0 | 67.8 | 77.3 |
Brunei Darussalam | 69.4 | 76.8 | 71.2 | 78.3 |
Bulgaria | 63.8 | 73.7 | 69.2 | 77.1 |
Burkina Faso | 52.4 | 71.1 | 52.7 | 71.8 |
Burundi | 50.6 | 71.6 | 53.9 | 72.8 |
Costa de Marfil | 46.5 | 70.7 | 47.6 | 71.1 |
Cabo Verde | 63.3 | 73.3 | 65.0 | 74.8 |
Camboya | 55.9 | 69.3 | 60.0 | 71.4 |
Camerún | 49.5 | 72.0 | 51.2 | 72.8 |
Canadá | 71.3 | 78.6 | 73.3 | 80.6 |
República Centroafricana | 44.7 | 71.3 | 47.1 | 72.4 |
Chad | 45.2 | 70.8 | 47.1 | 71.6 |
Chile | 68.5 | 77.2 | 72.3 | 80.0 |
China | 67.7 | 75.1 | 69.5 | 76.7 |
Colombia | 62.8 | 75.4 | 67.6 | 77.2 |
Comoras | 54.7 | 71.5 | 57.1 | 72.8 |
Congo | 55.8 | 73.3 | 57.5 | 74.1 |
Costa Rica | 68.4 | 77.9 | 71.2 | 79.4 |
Croacia | 67.0 | 75.1 | 71.8 | 78.6 |
Cuba | 68.2 | 76.6 | 70.3 | 78.3 |
Chipre | 70.0 | 76.6 | 72.6 | 79.0 |
Chequia | 67.1 | 75.2 | 71.7 | 78.4 |
República Democrática del Congo | 50.6 | 72.0 | 53.0 | 72.9 |
Dinamarca | 70.0 | 77.3 | 72.3 | 79.2 |
Djibouti | 54.6 | 72.7 | 57.0 | 73.6 |
República Dominicana | 63.2 | 75.9 | 67.0 | 77.7 |
Ecuador | 65.3 | 76.7 | 68.7 | 78.2 |
Egipto | 61.2 | 72.4 | 63.2 | 73.2 |
El Salvador | 60.6 | 75.2 | 67.3 | 77.2 |
Guinea Ecuatorial | 50.2 | 72.3 | 52.5 | 73.2 |
Eritrea | 54.0 | 69.7 | 57.4 | 72.1 |
Estonia | 65.6 | 75.1 | 72.0 | 79.5 |
Etiopía | 54.6 | 72.0 | 57.7 | 73.2 |
Fiyi | 60.8 | 72.4 | 65.1 | 74.9 |
Finlandia | 69.1 | 77.1 | 72.9 | 79.8 |
Francia | 70.7 | 78.7 | 74.4 | 81.7 |
Gabón | 56.5 | 73.2 | 58.0 | 74.2 |
Gambia | 53.3 | 71.3 | 54.5 | 72.0 |
Georgia | 63.4 | 73.6 | 69.3 | 77.0 |
Alemania | 69.7 | 77.2 | 72.8 | 79.9 |
Ghana | 54.7 | 72.0 | 56.0 | 72.6 |
Grecia | 70.2 | 77.7 | 73.6 | 80.4 |
Granada | 63.6 | 73.8 | 66.5 | 75.4 |
Guatemala | 59.4 | 74.2 | 64.9 | 76.1 |
Guinea | 51.5 | 72.2 | 51.9 | 72.6 |
Guinea-Bissau | 50.4 | 70.7 | 52.7 | 71.6 |
Guayana | 57.7 | 72.4 | 60.4 | 72.9 |
Haití | 54.1 | 72.7 | 56.7 | 73.5 |
Honduras | 63.7 | 75.9 | 66.3 | 77.3 |
Hungría | 64.8 | 73.9 | 69.9 | 77.4 |
Islandia | 71.8 | 78.6 | 73.6 | 80.0 |
India | 58.8 | 72.8 | 60.4 | 73.7 |
Indonesia | 60.7 | 72.2 | 63.7 | 74.1 |
Corrí | 66.4 | 75.4 | 66.7 | 75.0 |
Irak | 58.1 | 72.5 | 62.1 | 74.2 |
Irlanda | 70.3 | 77.8 | 72.7 | 79.9 |
Israel | 71.6 | 78.6 | 73.9 | 80.4 |
Italia | 71.8 | 78.7 | 73.7 | 80.9 |
Jamaica | 65.9 | 76.7 | 68.1 | 78.0 |
Japón | 72.5 | 78.9 | 77.2 | 83.1 |
Jordán | 64.3 | 74.1 | 65.9 | 75.5 |
Kazajstán | 59.8 | 72.2 | 66.8 | 75.9 |
Kenia | 53.9 | 72.3 | 57.4 | 73.2 |
Kiribati | 56.7 | 71.6 | 60.6 | 73.5 |
Kuwait | 65.1 | 73.5 | 66.6 | 74.1 |
Kirguizstán | 61.0 | 72.8 | 66.9 | 76.2 |
Laos | 56.7 | 71.8 | 59.1 | 73.0 |
Letonia | 63.2 | 73.8 | 70.7 | 78.4 |
Líbano | 64.9 | 73.6 | 66.7 | 75.3 |
Lesoto | 45.2 | 70.9 | 47.9 | 72.3 |
Liberia | 51.7 | 70.7 | 53.7 | 71.7 |
Libia | 62.3 | 73.1 | 65.3 | 74.7 |
Lituania | 62.0 | 72.8 | 70.2 | 78.2 |
Luxemburgo | 70.4 | 77.5 | 73.1 | 80.1 |
Madagascar | 55.7 | 72.0 | 58.1 | 73.1 |
Malawi | 50.2 | 71.0 | 52.3 | 72.2 |
Malasia | 64.8 | 74.3 | 68.3 | 75.7 |
Maldivas | 68.5 | 75.7 | 70.7 | 77.2 |
Mali | 51.6 | 71.9 | 50.7 | 71.8 |
Malta | 70.6 | 78.0 | 72.8 | 79.7 |
Mauritania | 54.4 | 71.7 | 55.9 | 72.5 |
Mauricio | 64.4 | 74.8 | 69.3 | 77.6 |
Mexico | 65.7 | 76.4 | 69.1 | 77.7 |
Micronesia | 61.7 | 73.3 | 63.2 | 74.2 |
Mongolia | 58.8 | 72.4 | 65.7 | 75.2 |
Montenegro | 66.5 | 74.6 | 69.4 | 76.7 |
Marruecos | 64.7 | 74.6 | 65.6 | 75.1 |
Mozambique | 48.3 | 71.5 | 50.8 | 72.4 |
Myanmar | 57.7 | 71.8 | 60.5 | 73.2 |
Namibia | 55.6 | 72.2 | 59.2 | 73.9 |
Nepal | 60.1 | 72.6 | 62.3 | 74.0 |
Países Bajos | 71.2 | 78.0 | 73.2 | 80.4 |
Nueva Zelanda | 70.7 | 78.6 | 72.4 | 80.1 |
Nicaragua | 60.4 | 72.9 | 67.1 | 76.9 |
Níger | 53.9 | 71.6 | 54.6 | 72.2 |
Nigeria | 46.9 | 70.3 | 48.5 | 70.8 |
Corea del Norte | 61.3 | 71.6 | 66.6 | 75.9 |
Noruega | 70.6 | 77.8 | 73.4 | 80.2 |
Omán | 65.8 | 74.8 | 67.8 | 76.2 |
Pakistán | 57.5 | 73.0 | 58.1 | 73.1 |
Panamá | 66.1 | 77.4 | 70.2 | 79.4 |
Papúa Nueva Guinea | 54.8 | 70.5 | 58.1 | 72.7 |
Paraguay | 64.2 | 75.6 | 66.3 | 77.0 |
Perú | 63.9 | 74.8 | 67.5 | 77.2 |
Filipinas | 58.6 | 72.0 | 63.9 | 74.5 |
Polonia | 65.7 | 75.0 | 71.6 | 78.7 |
Portugal | 69.5 | 77.4 | 73.2 | 80.3 |
Katar | 67.5 | 75.7 | 68.4 | 76.0 |
República de Corea | 70.8 | 77.9 | 75.3 | 81.7 |
República de Moldova | 61.9 | 72.8 | 67.8 | 76.3 |
Rumania | 64.0 | 74.2 | 69.7 | 77.4 |
Federación Rusa | 59.0 | 72.5 | 67.8 | 77.1 |
Ruanda | 52.3 | 71.5 | 60.8 | 74.3 |
Santa Lucía | 64.7 | 75.0 | 67.6 | 77.5 |
San Vicente y las Granadinas | 63.7 | 74.8 | 65.6 | 75.9 |
Samoa | 64.4 | 73.5 | 69.0 | 77.2 |
Santo Tomé y Príncipe | 57.9 | 73.1 | 60.1 | 74.2 |
Arabia Saudita | 64.0 | 73.3 | 64.7 | 74.2 |
Senegal | 57.2 | 72.0 | 59.4 | 73.1 |
Serbia | 65.7 | 74.4 | 69.6 | 77.0 |
Seychelles | 62.4 | 73.2 | 69.2 | 77.4 |
Sierra Leona | 43.9 | 69.7 | 44.8 | 69.9 |
Singapur | 71.8 | 78.2 | 75.9 | 82.0 |
Eslovaquia | 65.3 | 74.2 | 70.9 | 77.9 |
Eslovenia | 68.8 | 76.5 | 73.3 | 79.7 |
Islas Salomón | 61.5 | 72.9 | 62.9 | 73.9 |
Somalia | 46.6 | 71.1 | 48.9 | 71.9 |
Sudáfrica | 51.9 | 70.2 | 56.8 | 73.8 |
Sudán del Sur | 49.0 | 71.8 | 50.8 | 72.5 |
España | 70.6 | 77.8 | 74.1 | 80.9 |
Sri Lanka | 64.2 | 75.3 | 69.7 | 77.3 |
Sudán | 54.9 | 72.8 | 56.9 | 73.5 |
Surinam | 61.4 | 73.7 | 64.9 | 75.7 |
Suazilandia | 49.2 | 71.1 | 52.5 | 72.7 |
Suecia | 71.1 | 78.2 | 73.0 | 80.0 |
Suiza | 71.7 | 78.7 | 74.3 | 81.0 |
República Árabe Siria | 52.6 | 72.2 | 59.7 | 73.9 |
Tayikistan | 59.7 | 72.9 | 65.0 | 76.3 |
Tailandia | 64.8 | 75.2 | 68.9 | 77.8 |
macedonia | 65.9 | 73.9 | 69.1 | 76.1 |
Tanzania | 52.9 | 71.8 | 55.5 | 72.7 |
Timor-Leste | 59.4 | 72.6 | 62.8 | 74.1 |
Ir | 52.3 | 71.6 | 53.3 | 72.1 |
Tonga | 64.2 | 73.2 | 67.9 | 76.7 |
Trinidad y Tobago | 61.2 | 72.8 | 65.5 | 75.6 |
Túnez | 65.3 | 74.3 | 68.2 | 76.5 |
pavo | 64.5 | 74.7 | 67.8 | 77.0 |
Turkmenistan | 56.6 | 71.8 | 63.0 | 74.9 |
Uganda | 53.0 | 72.4 | 55.0 | 72.8 |
Ucrania | 60.2 | 72.7 | 67.8 | 76.6 |
Emiratos Árabes Unidos | 68.0 | 75.6 | 68.8 | 76.1 |
Reino Unido | 70.3 | 77.8 | 72.5 | 79.6 |
Estados Unidos de America | 67.7 | 77.0 | 70.4 | 79.1 |
Uruguay | 65.4 | 74.9 | 70.3 | 78.8 |
Uzbekistán | 59.9 | 73.5 | 65.0 | 76.2 |
Vanuatu | 63.4 | 73.7 | 66.0 | 75.4 |
Venezuela | 62.3 | 75.0 | 68.2 | 77.5 |
Viet Nam | 63.2 | 74.7 | 69.9 | 78.4 |
Yemen | 57.1 | 71.8 | 58,4 | 72.5 |
Zambia | 51.6 | 72.6 | 55.9 | 73.9 |
Zimbabue | 50.9 | 72.0 | 53.4 | 73.2 |